An electric control panel is a device that directs electricity from one source to another. It is an assembly of panels, each of which contain switches that allow electricity to be redirected. The operator is protected from electrocution by safety switches and fuses.

There can also be controls for the supply of electricity to the switchboard, coming from a generator or bank of electrical generators, especially frequency control of AC power and load sharing controls, plus gauges showing frequency and perhaps a synchroscope. The amount of power going into a switchboard must always equal to the power going out to the loads.

Inside the panel there is a bank of wires – of copper to which the switchgear is connected. These act to allow the flow of large currents through the switchboard, and are generally bare and supported by insulators.